The main requirement of a tray is that it should provide intimate mixing between the liquid and vapour streams, that it should be suitable for handling the desired rates of vapour and liquid without excessive entrainment for flooding, that it should be stable in operation and it should be reasonably easy to erect and maintain. In many cases, particularly with vacuum distillation, it is essential that the drop in pressure over the tray should be a minimum.
The arrangements for the liquid flow over the tray depend largely on the ratio of liquid to vapour flow.
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